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创建可分配给用户或角色的配额 语法:
CREATE QUOTA [IF NOT EXISTS | OR REPLACE] name [ON CLUSTER cluster_name]
    [IN access_storage_type]
    [KEYED BY {user_name | ip_address | client_key | client_key,user_name | client_key,ip_address | normalized_query_hash} | NOT KEYED]
    [FOR [RANDOMIZED] INTERVAL number {second | minute | hour | day | week | month | quarter | year}
        {MAX { {queries | query_selects | query_inserts | errors | result_rows | result_bytes | read_rows | read_bytes | written_bytes | execution_time | failed_sequential_authentications | queries_per_normalized_hash} = number } [,...] |
         NO LIMITS | TRACKING ONLY} [,...]]
    [TO {role [,...] | ALL | ALL EXCEPT role [,...]}]
user_nameip_addressclient_keyclient_key, user_nameclient_key, ip_addressnormalized_query_hashsystem.quotas 表中的字段对应。 参数 queriesquery_selectsquery_insertserrorsresult_rowsresult_bytesread_rowsread_byteswritten_bytesexecution_timefailed_sequential_authenticationsqueries_per_normalized_hashsystem.quotas_usage 表中的字段对应。 ON CLUSTER 子句允许在集群上创建配额,参见 分布式 DDL 示例 将当前用户在 15 个月内的最大查询次数限制为 123 次:
CREATE QUOTA qA FOR INTERVAL 15 month MAX queries = 123 TO CURRENT_USER;
对于默认用户,将 30 分钟内的最大执行时间限制为半秒,并将最大查询数限制为 321,5 个季度内允许的最大错误数限制为 10:
CREATE QUOTA qB FOR INTERVAL 30 minute MAX execution_time = 0.5, FOR INTERVAL 5 quarter MAX queries = 321, errors = 10 TO default;
创建一个 QUOTA,为每个不同的归一化查询模式分配单独的 bucket,并将其执行次数限制为每小时 100 次:
CREATE QUOTA qC KEYED BY normalized_query_hash FOR INTERVAL 1 hour MAX queries = 100 TO default;
将任一归一化查询模式限制为每小时最多执行 50 次 (无论 QUOTA 键类型为何) :
CREATE QUOTA qD FOR INTERVAL 1 hour MAX queries_per_normalized_hash = 50 TO default;
更多使用 xml 配置的示例 (ClickHouse Cloud 不支持) 可参见配额指南
最后修改于 2026年6月10日